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E。 主旨大意题。出题方法一般为what is main idea or general idea of the passage? or what is the passage mainly about? What is the writer’s or author’s purpose to write the passage?如上文所述,外语文章逻辑关系多为归纳思维或演绎思维,所以一篇文章的重点都藏在开头段或结尾段中,甚至就在开头句和结尾句中。如若感觉两侧没有重点内容,那么就藏在文章中间最短的段落中,尤其是带转折句、疑问句或否定句的短段落之中,因为这种段落有承上启下的作用。还以上面那篇文章为例:分析如上文,可以选出答案为C,既有总结性又有概括性,即为模糊性和科学性。A和D为此段文字中的只言片语,B将原文的意思放大和夸张。
The passage is mainly about _______。
A。 ways of being more intelligent
B。 differences between men and women
C。 studies on brains between two sexes
D。 studies on white matter and grey matter
再如: Brendan’s best friend is Tip。 They teach each other things and they look after each other。 Tip has helped Brendan become more responsible and more caring。 Brendan is a nine-year-old boy, and Tip is a ten-year old dog。 Brendan and Tip are an example of how owning a dog can have a good effect on a child’s development。
请问这一段的主旨是什么?也可以出What’s the passage mainly about?的题。
A.Lessons children learn from a dog。
B.Advice on owning a dog for children。
C.The relationship between children and dogs。
D.The good effects on children of owning a dog。
分析:此段文字为归纳思维,开篇举了一个实例引入主题: Brendan and Tip are an example of how owning a dog can have a good effect on a child’s development。 所以答案为D。此时会有同学疑惑我读完整篇文章感觉A也像正确答案,但实际情况却非如此因为A答案与原文相比省略了一个词owning 或having ,这种答案叫偷梁换柱,考的就是细心人很不是过于相信自己能力的人。
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